小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com学案40《种树郭橐驼传》《石钟山记》复习任务1.梳理并积累两文中的文言基础知识,重点掌握古今异义词、多义实词“实”“理”“作”。2.翻译重点句子,背诵课文。活动一基础梳理1.通假字请指出下面句中的通假字,并解释意思。南声函胡,北音清越“________”同“________”,____________________________________________________2.古今异义请写出下列加点词语的古义。①既然已古义:________________________________________________________________________今义:连词,用在上半句,下半句往往有“就、也、还”跟它呼应,表示先对现实或已有的结论予以承认,而后进一步做出判断②能顺木之天,以致其性焉尔古义:________________________________________________________________________今义:连词,用在下半句话的开头,表示下文是上述原因所形成的结果(多指不好的结果)③a.不抑耗其实而已/b.虽曰爱之,其实害之/c.自以为得其实古义:a.________________________________________________________________________b._____________________________________________________________________________c._____________________________________________________________________________今义:副词,表示所说的是实际情况(承上文,多含转折意)④若不过焉则不及古义:________________________________________________________________________今义:连词,用在后半句的开头,表示转折,对上半句话加以限制或修正,跟“只是”相同;副词,表示程度最高或指明范围,含有往小里或轻里说的意味⑤空中而多窍古义:________________________________________________________________________今义:天空中小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com⑥余方心动欲还古义:________________________________________________________________________今义:内心有所触动;动心,产生做某事的欲望3.多义实词请解释下列加点词的意思。(1)实①不抑耗其实而已:_______________________________________________________________②而陋者乃以斧斤考击而求之,自以为得其实:________________________________________________________________________________③此皆良实,志虑忠纯(《出表》师):_________________________________________________④臣之进退,实为狼狈(《情表》陈):_________________________________________________⑤仓廪实而知礼节(《疏》论积贮):充,充满实(2)理①以子之道,移之官理:___________________________________________________________②为天下理财,不为征利(《答司》马谏议书):_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________③胜负之数,存亡之理(《六》国论):_______________________________________________④德不厚而思国之理(《太宗十思疏》谏):____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________⑤依乎天理(《庖丁解牛》):________________________________________________________⑥上下肃然,称为政理(《衡》张传):明;治理得好清⑦遂下于理(《任安》报书):法官;刑官署狱(3)作①如乐作焉:____________________________________________________________________②舍瑟而作(《子路、曾、冉有、公西侍坐》皙华):________________________________________________________________________________小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com③一夫作难而七庙隳(《秦》过论):___________________________________________________④一鼓作气,再而衰(《曹》刿论战):__________________________________________________⑤若有作奸犯科及为忠善者(《出表》师):______________________________________________________...