小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com第04讲万有引力定律及其应用目录01开普勒行星运动定律及万有引力定律的理解····························2考向一开普勒行星运动定律················································································2考向二万有引力定律的理解················································································502天体的质量及密度问题·······················································6考向一天体的质量及密度问题·············································································603宇宙速度各种卫星天体、卫星运行参数及规律······················9考向一宇宙速度·······························································································9考向二近地卫星、同步卫星及赤道上物体的运行问题···············································9考向三天体、卫星运行参数及规律·····································································1004卫星变轨、对接、追及及相遇问题双星问题·························16考向一卫星对接及变轨问题··············································································16考向二卫星追及及相遇问题··············································································17考向三双星及多星问题····················································································19小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com01开普勒行星运动定律及万有引力定律的理解考向一开普勒行星运动定律1.（2021·福建·统考高考真题）（多选）两位科学家因为在银河系中心发现了一个超大质量的致密天体而获得了2020年诺贝尔物理学奖。他们对一颗靠近银河系中心的恒星的位置变化进行了持续观测，记录到的的椭圆轨道如图所示。图中O为椭圆的一个焦点，椭圆偏心率（离心率）约为0.87。P、Q分别为轨道的远银心点和近银心点，Q与O的距离约为（太阳到地球的距离为），的运行周期约为16年。假设的运动轨迹主要受银河系中心致密天体的万有引力影响，根据上述数据及日常的天文知识，可以推出（）A．与银河系中心致密天体的质量之比B．银河系中心致密天体与太阳的质量之比C．在P点与Q点的速度大小之比D．在P点与Q点的加速度大小之比2.（2022·北京·高考真题）利用物理模型对问题进行分析，是重要的科学思维方法。（1）某质量为m的行星绕太阳运动的轨迹为椭圆，在近日点速度为v1，在远日点速度为v2。求从近日点到远日点过程中太阳对行星所做的功W；（2）设行星与恒星的距离为r，请根据开普勒第三定律（）及向心力相关知识，证明恒星对行星的作用力F与r的平方成反比；小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com（3）宇宙中某恒星质量是太阳质量的2倍，单位时间内向外辐射的能量是太阳的16倍。设想地球“流浪”后绕此恒星公转...