2006年高考英语试题(北京卷)4-无忧考网DWhileparents,particularlymothers,havealwaysbeenattachedtotheirinfants(婴儿)，societalconditionsfrequentlymadethisattachmentdifficulttomaintain(保持).Firstofall,thehighinfantdeathrateinthepremodemtimesmeantthatsuchattachmentsoftenendedinhopelessness.Perhapstopreventthesadnessthatinfantdeathcaused,anumberofsocietalpracticesdevelopedwhichworkedagainstearlyattachmentofmotherandchild.Oneofthesepremodemattachment-discouragingpracticeswastoleaveinfantsunnameduntiltheyhadsurvivedintothesecondyear.Anotherpracticethatdiscouragedmaternal(母亲的)attachmentwastightlywrapping(包裹)infants.Wrappingeffectivelypreventedtheclosephysicalinteractionslikestroking(抚摸)andkissingthataresomuchapartofmodemmothers’andfathers’affectionfortheirinfants.Athirdpracticewhichhadthesamedistancingoffsetwaswet-nursing.Breast-feeding(母乳哺育)wasnotpopularamongthewell-to-dointheearlymoderntimes;infantswereoftenfedbywetnurseshiredforthepurpose.Insomeplaces.suchasnineteenth-centuryFrance,cityinfantsweresenttowetnursesinthecountry.Oftenawetnursewouldfeedherownchildfirst,leavinglittlemilkforthecityinfant-who.inmanycases,died.InRouen,thedeathrateforchildrensenttoawetnursewas35percent.68.Babieswereunnameduntiltheyweretwosothat.A.anoldsocialcustomcouldbekeptupB.maternalattachmentcouldbemaintainedC.theirparentswouldnotbetoosadiftheydiedD.theirparentswouldnotbetoosadiftheydied69.Whywerebabieswrapped?A.Toprotectthemfromthecold.B.Todistancetheirmothersfromthem.C.Tomakethemfeetmorecomfortable.D.Tomakeiteasyfortheirmotherstoholdthem.70.Wetnurseswerewomenwho.A.babysatcityinfantsB.fedbabiesofotherfamiliesC.senttheirbabiestothecountryD.failedtolookaftertheirbabies71.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SocietalConditionsinPremodemTimesB.PracticesofReducingMatemalAttachmentC.PoorHealthServiceandHighInfantDeathRateD.DifferencesbetweenModernandPremodernParentsEAstudypublishedinSeptembersuggeststhereisasurprisingwaytogetpeopletoavoidunhealthyfoodschangetheirmemories.ScientistElizabethLoftusoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineaskedvolunteerstoanswersomequestionsontheirpersonalities(个性)andfendexperiences.“Oneweeklater,”Loftussays“，Wetoldthosepeoplewe’dfedtheiranswersintooursmartcomputeranditcameupwithanaccountoftheirearlychildhoodexperiences.”Someaccountsincludedonekeyadditionaldetail(细节):“Yougotsickaftereatingstrawberryice-cream.”Theresearchersthenchangedthisdetailintoamanufactured(人为促生的)memorythroughleadingquestions—Whowereyouwith?Howdidyoufeel?Bytheendofthemuddy.Upto41%ofthosegivenafalsememorybelievedstrawberryice-creamoncemadethemsick.andmanysaidthey’davoideatingit.WhenLoftuspublishedherfindings,shestartedgettingcallsfrompeoplebegginghertomakethemrememberhatingchocolateorFrenchfries.Unfortunately,it’snotthateasy.Falsememoriesappeartoworkonlyforfoodsyoudon’tcatonaregularhasis,Butmostimportant,itislikelythatfalsememoriescanbeimplanted(准粉)onlyinpeoplewhoareunawareofthementalcontrol.Andlyingtoapatientisimmoral,evenifadoctorbelievesit’sforthepatient’sbenefit.Loftussaysthere’snothingtostopparentsfromtryingitwiththeiroverweightchildren.“Isay,wakeup—parentshavebeenlyingaboutFatherChristmasforyears,andnobodyseemstomind.Iftheycanpreventdiseasescausedbyfatnessandalltheotherproblemsthatcomewiththat,youmightthinkthat’samoremorallie.Decidethatforyourself.”72.WhydidLoftusa...