小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com高考题型重组练(六)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2019·大连高三双基测试]Birds'feathersaresomeofthemoststrikinglyvariableanimalcharacteristicsthatcanbeobservedbyeyes.Thepatternsthatweseeinbirds'feathersaremadeupofcombinationsofscales,bars,andspots.Wealreadyknowwhybirdshavecoloredfeathers.Formanybirds,thecoloroffeathersmaymakethemlessvisibletotheenemybyhelpingthemmatchtheirsurroundings,ormoreappealingtopotentialmatesbyhelpingthemstandout.Theseaspectsarewellknown.Agreatermysteryhasbeenhowthepatternsarecreated.Dr.IsmaelGalvánandhisteamofexpertresearchersstudiedthecoloroffeatherstoseewhattypesofcolorswerepresentinbirds'complexfeatherpatterns.Itturnsouttobetwotypesofpigments(色素)mainly:melanin(黑色素),whichproducesarangeofblack,grey,brown,andorangecolors,andcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichareusedbyspecializedfeatherstructurestocreatebrightercolors.Birdscannotproducecarotenoidsontheirown.Forfeatherswithbrightcolors,birdsmustconsumefooditemsthatcontainthesepigments,andthecarotenoidscirculatethroughthebloodstreamtothefeather.Melanin,ontheotherhand,isproducedinspecialcellsinthebirds'bodies.Thisstudywasverylargeinscope,examiningabout9,000birdspecies,withthegoalofsupportingageneralconclusionforallbirds,tofinallyanswerthequestionofhowbirdsdevelopcolorfulanddetailedpatterns.Ifthebirdswereartists,theywouldusecarotenoidsasabroadbrushtoproducecolorpatches,withmelaninasadetailedpaintbrushtoproducemorecomplexdesigns.Afewbirdsareexceptionstothisrule:Threebirdfamiliesdohavecomplexfeatherpatternswithoutmelanin:Fruitdoves,cotingasandonetypeofstork.体裁：说明文题材：科学研究主题：鸟类羽毛颜色【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了鸟类羽毛颜色是如何形成的。【难句分析】Itturnsouttobetwotypesofpigments(色素)mainly:melanin(黑色素),whichproducesarangeofblack,grey,brown,andorangecolors,andcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichareusedbyspecializedfeatherstructurestocreatebrightercolors.分析：本句中包含两个which引导的定语从句，其先行词分别小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com为melanin和carotenoids。译文：结果主要是两种类型的色素：一种是产生一系列的黑色、灰色、棕色和橙色的黑色素，和被专门的羽毛构造使用来产生更鲜艳的颜色的类胡萝卜素。1．Whatcanbirdsdowiththeircoloredfeathers?A．Settleonrightbranches.B．Fitinwiththeirenemies.C．Drawattentiontopossiblemates.D．Makebirdsinvisibletotheirenemies.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的“moreappealingtopotentialmatesbyhelpingthemstandout”可知，鸟类羽毛的颜色能吸引可能的伴侣。2．Thecolorsandpatternsofbirds'feathersaremainlycreatedby________.A．melaninandcarotenoidsB．differenttypesofpigmentsC．specialcellsinthebirds'bodiesD．combinationsofscales,bars,andspots答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容尤其是第二句“Itturnsouttobetwotypesofpigments(色素)mainly:melanin(黑色素),whichproducesarangeofblack,grey,brown,andorangecolors,andcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichareusedbyspecializedfeatherstructurestocreatebrightercolors”可知，鸟类羽毛的颜色和图案主要是由黑色素和类胡萝卜素产生的。3．WhatcanweknowinDr.IsmaelGalván'sstudy?A．Melanincanproduceavarietyofbrightcolors.B．Birdscancreatecarotenoidsintheirownbodies.C．Birdstakefoodcontainingcarotenoidstocreatebrightcolors.D．Melaninandcarotenoidsarefoundinspecialcell...