小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisastersⅠ.阅读理解A(★)Asashiftinthepolarvortex(极地涡旋)sweptacrossmuchoftheUS，manypeopleinthecountrywerehitwithasuddensnapofcold.Heavyiceandsnowcoupledwithfallentreescausedtheoutagesinmajorcities，withcompaniesunabletotelltheircustomerswhenpowerwillberestored.Polarvorticeswerenoticedlongago.Butthefirstknownuseoftheterm“polarvortex”wasinamagazinein1853.Polarvorticesarepresentyear-round，butwedon’thearaboutthemuntiltheycauseproblems.TheymaintainfreezingtemperaturesattheNorthandSouthPolesbymovingintightcounterclockwisepatterns.Polarvorticesgrowstrongerinwinterandweakeninsummer.Theyarekeptinplaceatthepolesbyanotheratmosphericcurrentcalledthejetstream.However，whenthejetstreamsweaken，thecoldwindsofthepolarvortexarepushedsouthwardsanditisduringthistimethatpeoplebegintopayattention!InTexas，roadsfrozeover，causingsixtrafficdeaths，andmanyschoolswereshutdown.PeoplearenottheonlyEarthlingstostrugglewiththecold.Cropsandanimalsarealsofreezing.Thiscouldhavemajorconsequences，especiallyifherdsofcattledie.Ifsnowblockscattle，theanimalscan’treachbasicnecessitieslikefoodandfreshwater.Onabrighternote，someTexascitiesweremorepreparedthanothers，forinstance，Amarillo，whichislocatedinNorthTexas，sotheyaremoreaccustomedtocoldertemperatures.Amarilloisnotablebecausethecitywasredesignedtostanduptoseverewinterstorms.Officialshavespreadoutfirestationstoincreasecoverageoffirstresponders，employedmodifieddumptrucksforclearingice，andupgradedciviccenterstoprovideshelterduringstorms.Hopefully，otherTexascitieswillfollowthegoodexamplesetbyAmarillo!1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outages”refertoinparagraph1?A．Trafficjams.B．Powerstruggles.C．Powercuts.D．Trafficaccidents.2．Whatcanwelearnaboutpolarvortices?A．Theygrowstrongerinsummer.B．Theyareaffectedbyjetstreams.C．Theywerefirstobservedin1853.D．Theymoveinaclockwisedirection.3．Whatisthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionofthepolarvortex.B．Thecharacteristicsofthepolarvortex.小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.comC．Thewaystodealwiththepolarvortex.D．Theseriousimpactmadebythepolarvortex.4．WhyisAmarillostriking?A．BecauseitislocatedinthenorthofTexas.B．Becauseithasbeenupgradedandmodernized.C．Becauseithasbeenregardedasanexampletoothercities.D．Becauseithastakeneffectivemeasurestoresistwinterstorms.BWhatisthe15-minutecity？It’stheurbanplanningconceptthateverythingcityresidentsneedshouldbeashortwalkorbikerideaway—about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.Supportersarguethat15-minutecitiesarehealthierforresidentsandtheenvironment，creatingunitedmini-communities，boostinglocalbusinesses，andencouragingpeopletogetoutsidewalk，andcycle.ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas，butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.In2015，Pariswas17thonthelistofbike-friendlycities;by2019，itwas8th.Carownership，meanwhile，droppedfrom60percentofhouseholdsin2001to35percentin2019.The15-minutecityfiguredlargelyinHidalgo’ssuccessful2020re-electio...