高中英语（新人教版）必修第二册Unit1CulturalHeritage知识点归纳***知识清单***一、词形转换1．threatn．威胁→threatenvt.威胁；危及2．huntv．打猎；搜寻；追捕→huntern．猎人3．raten．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级→ratingn．等级；级别4．extinctadj.已灭绝的→extinctionn．灭绝5．pressvt.压；按→pressuren．压力；要求6．concernn．担心；关心vt.让……担忧；涉及→concernedadj.担心的；关切的7．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地8．alarmvt.使害怕；使惊恐；使担心n．警报；恐慌；警报器→alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的9．intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→intentionn．打算；目的10．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存二、重点单词和短语1．raten．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级；评价；评估①Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5kilometresanhour.n.速度②Thebirthrateofthatcountryisreducing.n.(比)率③ChinaandIndiaareratedasthemostattractivemarketsnow.v.评价，看作2．reserven．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留①Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.vt.预留②I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.vt.预订③Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectendangeredelephants.n.保护区dieout灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭[例1]Withsocietydeveloping，manyoldcustomsaredyingout.随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。[例2]Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout.随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。Oncethefirehasdiedout，therescueteamwillmoveinimmediately.[知识拓展]dieaway逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失diedown逐渐降低，逐渐平息dieoff相继死去dieof死于(内因)diefrom死于(外因)diefor为……而死alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的[例1]Itistruethattheearth'sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate，soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。[例2]Thisideaseemstobecomelessalarming.这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。Thepopulationisdroppingatanalarmingrate.[知识拓展](1)alarmvt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心n.警报；恐慌inalarm惊恐地(2)alarmedadj.惊恐的；忧虑的bealarmedat/by...对……大为惊慌bealarmedtodo...做……感到恐慌Wewerealarmedatthealarmingscreamasthescreamdidalarmus.我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。awareof意识到；知道Wemustmakepeopleawareoftheproblemandhelptheendangeredwildlifebeforeit'stoolate！我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物！[例1]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbewellawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。[例2]Thefailuremademeawareofmyownshortcomings.这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。Everybodyisawareoftheseriousnessofpollution.[知识拓展](1)be/becomeawareof...对……知道；明白；意识到be/becomeawarethat...知道/体会到……as/sofarasIamaware据我所知makesb.awareof...使某人意识到……(2)awarenessn.意识；认识developanawarenessof...形成……的意识raiseawareness提高意识她还没意识到她做错了。→Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong．→Shewasnotawarethatshehaddonewrong．→Shewasnotawareofwhatshehaddonewaswrong．[名师点津](1)aware后跟名词性从句时，一般从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。(2)修饰aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不用very。(3)beaware后一般不接不定式。averageadj.平均的；正常的；普通的n．平均水平；平均数(教材P14)Howmanyelephantsarekilledonaveragee...