第1页共5页小升初英语高频考点专题复习第十七讲祈使句考点梳理用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句的对象(即主语)是第二人称，也就是对“你(你们)”说的话，所以通常省略。祈使句的动词一般是动词原形，句末常使用句号或感叹号。Goandwashyourhands.去洗你的手。(命令)Bequiet,please.请安静。(请求)Bekindtothechildren.对孩子们要和蔼。(劝告)Watchyoursteps.走路小心。(警告)Lookout!Danger!小心!危险!(强烈警告)Nosmoking.禁止吸烟。(禁止)考点一祈使句的形式1.肯定结构(1)动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分(简称为do型)Pleasewritedownyourname.请写下你的名字。Openthewindow,please.请开一下窗户。(2)Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分(简称为be型)Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!Bequick!快一点!(3)Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分(简称为let型)Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。Letusgotothegarden.让我们去花园。2.否定结构(1)do型句首加don't构成Closethedoor,please.(改为否定句)→Don'tclosethedoor,please.Lookatme.(改为否定句)微信：JN23316第2页共5页→Don'tlookatme.(2)be型也是在句首加don'tDon'tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到!Don'tbesad.不要难过。(3)let型的否定式有两种①Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分Don'tlethergoout.不要让她出去。②Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分Lethernotgoout.不要让她出去。注意：★祈使句最明显的特征就是动词用原形。Let'sgoandplaytogether.让我们去玩吧。Don'tpickflowers.不要摘花。★有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。★有些可用no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!考点二祈使句与其他句型的转换1.祈使句与肯定句的转换一般可以用“Youshould/must/can...”来替换。祈使句:Sithere.肯定句:Youcansithere.祈使句:Pleasedoitbyyourself.肯定句:Youshoulddoitbyyourself.2.祈使句与否定句的转换一般可以用“Youshouldn't/mustn't/can't...”来替换。祈使句:Don'tputthebookhere.否定句:Youcan'tputthebookhere.祈使句:Nosmoking!否定句:Youmustn'tsmoke.微信：JN23316第3页共5页注意：★用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。★有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do。Docomein!快进来!Dostudyhard.一定要努力学习。[过关训练]一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Kitty,________(not,be)lateforschoolagain.2.________(not,make)anynoise!Thebabyissleeping.3.No________(smoke)here!4.________(not,talk)and________(read)aloud.5.________(be)quietinthelibrary,please.6.________(look)out!Acariscoming.7.Letme________(try)again.8.________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Do________(come)in,please!10.Let's________(say)ittogether.二、选择填空。()1.Hermothersaid,“John,________harder!”A.studyingB.studiesC.study()2.No________.A.litterB.litteringC.littered()3.________!Thebusiscoming!A.DocareB.CareC.Becareful()4.________himthesecret,willyou?A.Don'ttellB.NottellC.Nottelling()5.________eat________drinktoomuch.It'sbadforyourhealth.A.Don't;andB.Don't;butC.Don't;or()6.Kate,________yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobring微信：JN23316第4页共5页三、将下列句子变成祈使句。1.Wouldyoupleasewaitamoment?→________________amoment.2.Youmustn'tsmokehere.→________________here.3.Youcan'tclimbthetree.→________________thetree.4.Youmustn'tswimhere.→No________________here.微信：JN23316第5页共5页小升初英语高频考点专题复习第十七讲祈使句参考答案一、1.don'tbe2.Don'tmake3.smoking4.Don'ttalk,read5.Be6.Look7.try8.Don'tlet9.come10.say二、1.C2.B3.C4.A5.C6.A三、1.Pleasewaitamoment.2.Don'tsmokehere./Nosmokinghere.3.Don'tclimbthetree.4.Noswimminghere.微信：JN23316