更多资料添加微信：XZZ7297888小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com2024学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷(考试时间105分钟满分115分)2024.12Ⅰ．GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PioneersinartificialintelligencewintheNobelPrizeinphysicsThe2024NobelPrizeinphysicshasbeenawardedtoJohnHopfieldandGeoffreyHinton.Theyareknownfortheirfundamentaldiscoveriesinmachinelearning,___1___pavedthewayforhowartificialintelligenceisusedtoday.Machinelearningdiffersfromtraditionalsoftware.Thesoftwarereceivesdata,whichisprocessedaccordingtoacleardescription,and___2___(produce)theresults.Inmachinelearning,thecomputerlearnsbyexample,enablingittotackleproblemsthataretoocomplicated___3___(manage)bystep-by-stepinstructions.HintonandHopfield___4___(credit)withusingtoolsfromphysicstoadvancebasicresearchinthefield.In1982,Hopfielddevelopedamodelofneural(神经的)networks,todayknownastheHopfieldnetwork,todescribehowthebrainrecallsmemorieswhen___5___(feed)partialinformation,similartothemethodyourbrainusestorememberawordonthetipofyourtongue.GeoffHintonandcolleaguesfurtherdevelopedtheHopfieldnetwork.Todothat,Hintonusedstatisticalphysics,basedonanequationinventedbythenineteenthcenturyphysicistLudwigBoltzmann,creatinga“Boltzmannmachine.”Itcanlearn—notfrominstructions,butfrom___6___(give)examples.AtrainedBoltzmannmachinecanrecognizefamiliartraits(特质)ininformationithasnotpreviouslyseen.Imaginemeetingafriend’sbrotherorsister,andyoucanimmediatelyseethatthey___7___berelated.Inasimilarway,theBoltzmannmachinecanrecognizeanentirelynewexample___8___itbelongstoacategoryfoundinthetrainingmaterial.Hintonhasalsourgedcautionaroundthetechnology.Hintonquithisjobasavicepresidentlastyearatatechgiant.Hesaidheleftbecausehewantedtobeabletosharehisconcernsabouttherisksofartificialintelligencewithoutworrying____9____itwouldmeanforhisemployer.更多资料添加微信：XZZ7297888小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com“Oneofthewaysinwhichthesesystemsmightescapecontrolisbywritingtheirowncomputercodetomodify____10____,”Hintonsaidina2023interview.“That’ssomethingweneedtoseriouslyworryabout.”【答案】1.which2.produces3.tomanage##tobemanaged4.arecredited##werecredited5.fed6.beinggiven##given7.must8.if##when9.what10.themselves【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖得主因机器学习领域贡献获奖，并讨论了AI风险。【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们因在机器学习领域的根本性发现而闻名，这为今天人工智能的使用奠定了基础。根据空前are和空后paved可知，空处为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为theirfundamentaldiscoveries，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【2题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：软件接收数据，根据明确的描述进行处理，并产生结果。根据空前and可知，空处为谓语动词，和receive并列，表示一般事实，需用一般现在时，主语为Thesoftware，谓语需用第三人称单数形式。故填produces。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在机器学习中，计算机通过示例学习，使其能够解决通过逐步指令无法管理的过于复杂的问题。根据空前aretoocomplicated可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，固定搭配becomplicatedtodosth.“做某事是复杂的”，可填tomanage,也...