小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com课时作业(四)Unit2SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&ReadingⅠ.阅读理解AMakingsmalltalkisdefinitelyanart,buttheupsideisthatthemoreyoudoit,thebetteryou'llbeatit.Findingtherighttopicstobringupisjustasimportantastheease(自在)inwhichyouconverse.Positivenewsitems.Thesetopicsaretimelyyetpositiveandcanusuallybediscussedwithstrangersorestablishedfriends.Thereasonwhythesetopicsworkisthatbytheirverynaturetheygiveyouopportunitiesinwhichtogrowyourconversation.Thingsgoingonaroundyou.Commentingontheeventsrightbeforeyoureyesisaneasywaytomakesmalltalk,butbesuretolookforcluesintheresponsesyougetthatwillmovetheconversationforward.Justsayingsomethinglike“Greatevent,huh？”willpromptaonewordresponse(yesorno)andthereforewillstall(使停止)theconversation.Askquestionsasyouobservethepeopleandactivitiesgoingonandyou'llhaveabettertimefindingcommonground.Forexample,“Isn'tthisagreatevent?Wecomehereeveryyear,sinceourkidswerelittle.Whataboutyou?Whatbringsyouhere？”Thesequestionsgivesomefactsaboutyouthatthelistenerscanpickuponandalsoinvitethemtosharemoreaboutthemselves.Awordabouttheweather.Byfar,peopletalkabouttheweathermorethananyothertopicwhentheycan'tthinkofanythingelsetosay.Whiletheweatherisgenerallyabadtopicforsmalltalk,youcanmakeitbetterbyaddingdetail.Themainthingtokeepinmindwithsmalltalkisthatpracticemakesperfect.Themoreyoudoit,theeasieritwillbetofindtopicsthatworkoutwell.1．What'sthefirstparagraph'sfunction?A．Togiveacomment.B．Tointroducethebackground.C．Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.D．Tostresstheimportanceofsmalltalk.2．Whydopositivenewsitemsalwayswork?A．Theygiveyoucourage.B．Theygiveyouconfidence.C．Theymakeyoufeelhappyeveryday.D．Theygiveyouchancestostartyourconversation.3．Theunderlinedword“prompt”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．spendB．reduceC．preventD．cause4．What'sthebestwaytomakesuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtotheauthor?A．Bypractisingoften.B．Bypraisingothersatfirstsight.C．Byaddingdetailwhilemakingsmalltalk.D．Byaskingquestionsasyouobservetheactivitiesgoingon.小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.comBHowthelanguagesoftheworldappearedislargelyamystery.Consideringthatitmighthavetakenthousandsofyears,itisattractivetoseehowdeafpeoplecancreatenovelsignlanguagesspontaneously.Interestingly,childrenplayedanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofthesenovellanguages.However,howexactlythishappenedhasnotbeendocumented.Inaseriesofstudies,researchersattemptedtorecreateexactlythisprocess.Childrenwereinvitedtostayintwodifferentroomsandanonlineconnectionwassetupbetweenthem.Afterabrieffamiliarizationwiththesetup,theresearcherssneakily(偷偷地)turnedoffthesoundandwatchedasthechildrenfoundnewwaysofcommunicatingthatgobeyondspokenlanguage.Thechildren'staskwastodescribeanimagewithdifferentthemesinacoordination(协调)game.Withaconcretething—likeahammerorafork—childrenquicklyfoundasolutionbyimitatingthematchingaction,forexample,eating,inagesture.Buttheresearchersrepeatedlychallengedthechildrenwithnew,moreabstractpictures.Inthecourseofthestudies,theimagestobedescribedbecamemoreandmorecomplex,whichwasalsoreflectedinthegesturesthatthechildrenproduced.Inordertocommunicate,thechildreninventedseparategesturesandbegantocombinethem—thuscreatingakindofsmalllocalgrammar.Howdoesalanguagecomeintobeing?Basedonthepresent...