小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com单元综合检测(一)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ALanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears，butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhuntergatherers，small，tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12，000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards，manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers，andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies，trade，industrialisation，thedevelopmentofthenationstateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation，especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent，theworldhasabout6，800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whichhot，wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1，000；Africa2，400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6，000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6，800languagesandclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick，atrandom，BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers)，ChiapanecoinMexico(150)，LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one，withaquestion-mark)：noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面临的危机。1．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.B[“推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，they小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.com小学、初中、高中各种试卷真题知识归纳文案合同PPT等免费下载www.doc985.comspokeperhaps12，000languagesbetweenthem”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。]2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful.D．Modern.C[“词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句Inrecentcenturies...allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐渐占主导地位。complex“”复杂的；advanced“高级的，”先进的；powerful“”有影响力的；modern“”现代的。故选C。]3．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6，000peopleatpresent?A．About6，800.B．About3，400.C．About2，400.D．About1，200.B[“数字计算题。根据第三段最后一句Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6，000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6000“；结合第三段第一句Atpresent，theworldhasabout6，800languages”可知，选B。]4．Whatisthemainideaoft...