第1页共7页《英语周报》高考二轮复习——语法项目讲解与练习名词性从句一、名词性从句概述定义在句子中起名词作用的从句类型主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句连接词连词that,whether,if连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever连接副词when,where,how,why二、名词性从句要点1.主语从句1）that从句位于句首时，that不能省略。如：Thattheorymustgohandinhandwithpracticeisaprincipleweshouldalwayskeepinmind.2）主语从句可放在句首，也可放在句尾（用it作形式主语），但后一种结构用得多一些。如：Whoeverthoughtofthatideaisagenius.It’sstrangethatshenevermentionedthewedding.2.宾语从句1）当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：IrememberImadeitquitecleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming.2）当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语为think,believe,suppose,expect等动词时，如果宾语从句表示否定意思，通常否定前移，即否定主句的谓语。如：Idon’tthinkthere’sacomputerstoreinthetown.Idon’tbelievethatshe’severbeentoHongKong.3）宾语从句亦可用作介词或形容词的宾语。如：Shewasneversatisfiedwithwhatshehadachieved.I’mnotsurewhenIsawherlast.4）引导宾语从句的连词that在口语中可省略，但在下列情况中，that需保留：a.主、从句之间有表示时间等的状语时that不能省略，否则会产生歧义。如：Shesaidlastnightthatshedidsomereading.b.主、从句之间有插入语时不可省去that。如：Idon’tdoubt,providingtheyplaywellenough,thatourschoolteamwillwinthematch.第2页共7页c.引导两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第二个以及第二个以后的宾语从句中的that不能省略。如：Hesaidhecouldn’ttellyourightawayandthatyouwouldn’tunderstand.3.表语从句1）当主语是reason且后面的表语从句表示原因时通常用that引导；而当it，this或that作主语，后面的表语从句表示原因时，常用because或why引导。如：Myreasonisthatthecostwillbetoohigh.Ihadtocatchthefirsttrain.That/This/ItwaswhyIleftsoearly.2）表语从句还可由asif/asthough等引导。asif/asthough引导表语从句时，主句中的动词可用be,seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。如：Shelooksasif/asthoughshehadseenaghost.Thismeattastesasif/asthoughithasalreadygonebad.4.同位语从句1）同位语从句通常由that引导，但whether,who,where等有时也可引导同位语从句。如：Tearsfilledhereyesatthethoughtthatshemightneverseehim.IhavenoideawhetherIshouldbuyacarornot.Thequestionwhogoesabroadonthisbusinesstourrequiresconsideration.2）可接同位语从句的通常是一些表示抽象意义的名词，常见的有fact,idea,belief,message,news,conclusion,decision,doubt,hope,chance,thought等。如：Youmustlivewiththefactthatyouarenolongerasstrongasyouwere.3）同位语从句有时不直接跟在它所解释说明的名词后面，而是被其它成分隔开。如：WordcamefromJimthatapowerstationwouldbebuiltheresoon.三、引导名词性从句的连接词辨析1.what与that1）what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：Nooneknowswhatwillhappennext.Whatyouneedisagoodlongvacation.Yourmother’shealthisnotwhatitoughttobe.Pleaseaskherwhatexperienceshehashad.2）that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。2.whether与if1）whether引导的主语从句可位于句首或句尾，而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。如：第3页共7页Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen.Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencewhether/ifitsnowsornot.2）whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if则不能。如：Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Thequestionwhetherweoughttocallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.3）whether可引导介词后的宾语从句，if则不能。如：Janehesitatedastowhethersheshouldtakeouradvice.4）whether后可直接跟ornot，if则不能。如...